Study on deepwater conductor jet excavation mechanism in cohesive soil     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

Conductor casing jetting technique has been increasingly applied in deepwater drilling. The insight into the jetting excavation mechanisms is critical in guiding a successful conductor casing jetting operation. The real- time continuous jet excavation process is simulated with the volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase method of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) ANSYS Fluent calculation software in the current study. The cohesive soil is modelled by using a kind of viscous fluid with Herschel-Bulkley model. In addition, a laboratory half round nozzle jet excavation test is designed for verification by comparison of the observed jet excavation profile with the numerical results. The sensitivity parameters affecting the conductor jetting excavation mechanism in cohesive soil are thus investigated. It is found that the application of Herschel-Bulkley (HB) model for cohesive soil and the VOF method of Fluent can provide a good simulation of jet excavation process. The maximum excavation depth can be determined by the undrained ultimate bearing capacity of the circular foundation with a bearing capacity factor of 6.7. The nozzle position, jet velocity and soil strength have significantly influence on the depth and width of the jet excavation profile in conductor oblique jet.  相似文献   

青藏高原农区农户的家庭能源消费研究     

姜璐  邢冉  陈兴鹏  薛冰 《地理科学》2020,40(3):447-454

农村能源转型是能源消费革命的重要组成部分。基于问卷调查和入户访谈,对青海省10个县（区）的318户农区家庭用能信息进行调查,辨识了青海省农区不同收入分层家庭的能源消费模式,并通过建立典型家庭能源流模型,总结了家庭能获取-消费-废弃过程的形态变化。结果显示：青海省农区家庭能源消费以煤炭、薪柴和秸秆为主,非商品能源消费占比为49.6%,清洁能源使用率低。煤炭消费在5类家庭中均占比最高,薪柴和秸秆消费在低收入家庭占比较高。高收入家庭能源消费类型更多,消费量也大,能源流动更复杂。最后,根据青海省的经济地理特征,提出相应政策建议。  相似文献   

基于自动探测方法的南海北部涡致海表温度锋面的特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邱春华  欧阳娟  俞建成  毛华斌  戚永锋  吴加学  苏丹仪 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(11):82-90

南海北部具有丰富的温度锋面和中尺度涡，它们调节着局地的热量和能量平衡。本文利用卫星海洋高度异常和海表温度数据，并基于自动探测方法，探究了2007年至2017年南海北部中尺度涡边缘的海表温度锋面（涡致锋面）特征。反气旋/气旋边缘出现锋面的概率可达20%。气旋涡在各个方向上出现锋面的概率比较均匀，反气旋涡的东北部和西南部出现锋面的概率大于西北部和东南部。中尺度涡致锋面的数量有明显的季节变化，而涡动能未表现出明显的季节变化。中尺度涡致锋区的总涡动能是中尺度涡内动能的3倍，并且反气旋涡致锋面的总涡动能明显强于气旋涡致锋面的总涡动能。中尺度涡致锋面的数量和涡动能的年际变化与厄尔尼诺南方涛动指数没有明显的相关性。本研究也讨论了中尺度涡致锋面的可能机制，但是中尺度涡对海表温度锋的贡献需要进一步定量研究。  相似文献   

单晶高温合金X射线衍射斑点自动识别算法研究          下载免费PDF全文

张哲  朱锦霞  庄凯  谢光  秦秀波  魏存峰 《CT理论与应用研究》2017,26(4):447-455

单晶高温合金展现出优越的抗疲劳性能和高温蠕变性能,广泛应用于航空发动机和燃气轮机的热端部件。但是,其制备过程中会产生晶体取向偏离、杂晶等缺陷。目前国际上已经普遍使用X射线劳埃衍射技术对单晶叶片的晶体缺陷进行无损检测,但是这种检测方法主要依赖人工识别,效率低,结果可重复性差,不适合批量化检测。本文结合工程需要,提出对劳埃衍射斑点进行自动识别的算法,主要包括衍射图样的预处理、轮廓检测、轮廓形态筛选及轮廓符合检测等。该算法能够自动检测出衍射图样上的衍射斑点,并最终给出斑点的位置坐标数据及其误差。根据衍射斑点的位置,通过衍射分析算法,计算出单晶叶片上的晶体取向,并最终对叶片的晶体缺陷给出综合评价。   相似文献   

A comparative study of the molecular composition of a grassland soil with adjacent unforested and afforested moorland ecosystems     

《Organic Geochemistry》2011,42(12):1519-1528

On-line thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation (THM) in the presence of both unlabelled and ¹³C-labelled tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) was used to assess the relative contributions of phenolics (lignin, demethylated lignin and non-lignin phenolics) in a peaty gley soil profile beneath an unimproved grassland (LL), from a study site located at Harwood (Northumberland, northeast England, UK). This site also includes an unforested moorland (ML) and a second rotation Sitka spruce stand (SS). The common lignin proxies have been corrected for contributions of non-lignin phenols and demethylated lignin in the LL ecosystem and then compared with those from the ML and SS ecosystems. The phenolic compositions from the contributory vegetation inputs (i.e. grasses, heather and Sitka spruce) to all three soils (LL, ML and SS) were also analysed. By using ¹³C-labelled TMAH it was possible to show that the chemical composition of soil organic matter (SOM) reflected the different vegetation inputs in each of the L/F layers but these characteristics were lost from the deeper organic and mineral layers. Similar changes in the yield of lignin monomers (Λ) with increasing soil depth were displayed in the LL soil profile as reported previously in the ML soil in that no maxima were observed in these amount-depth profiles. The tannin input to the LL soil is low and as a consequence, unlike the ML and SS soils, there is no progressive decrease in the amounts of these non-lignin phenolics with increasing depth. Finally the methylated carbohydrate derivatives (MC) become more abundant relative to the phenolics with increasing soil depth in all three ecosystems (LL, ML and SS).  相似文献   

Analyses of aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over urban and industrial regions in Northeast China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Huizheng Che  Hujia Zhao  Yunfei Wu  Xiangao Xia  Jun Zhu  Hong Wang  Yaqiang Wang  Junying Sun  Jie Yu  Xiaoye Zhang  Guangyu Shi 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2015,127(3):345-354

  相似文献   

基于数字城市中地上与地下3维一体化漫游展示的研究     

段文生  武少丰 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(1):92-94

主要介绍了数字城市中地上、地下数据的管理以及3维可视化技术,对地上地下场景进行了综合比较,讨论了地上地下3维一体化的表现思想,精确的表现地形地貌、地上建筑、地下管线分布,让设计人员和决策者可以在宏观层面把握城市空间形态的要点和亮点,体现城市特色.  相似文献   

1964-2008年辽宁省旱涝时空分布特征及演变趋势     

唐亚平  张凯  李忠娴  李岚  戴新童  严晓瑜 《辽宁气象》2011,(2):50-55

利用1964—2008年辽宁51站降水量资料,采用Z指数和区域旱涝HL指数分析了全区近45a旱涝变化。结果表明：近45a辽西、辽北以及辽东南地区单站旱涝发生频率均明显高于辽中、辽东地区;区域性洪涝指数逐渐减小,区域性干旱指数逐步增大。对辽宁51站Z指数进行了EOF和REOF分析,可知辽宁旱涝的空间分布特征除受大尺度天气系统所带来的降水量变化影响外,同时还受地理位置、海陆分布等多种因子影响。通过REOF方法可将全区分为4个区域,即Ⅰ辽西地区,Ⅱ辽北、辽西北地区,Ⅲ辽中、辽东地区和Ⅳ辽东南地区。  相似文献   

基于MODIS数据的水稻种植面积提取研究进展     

于文颖  冯锐  纪瑞鹏  张玉书  陈鹏狮  赵先丽  武晋雯 《辽宁气象》2011,(2):56-61

概述了水稻种植面积监测遥感数据源的应用变化、特征指数和时相选取以及遥感分类方法的发展,分析了MODIS影像在水稻种植面积遥感提取技术方面的研究进展及发展方向。结果表明：MODIS具有高光谱、高时间分辨率和多时相等特点,在大尺度上提取水稻种植面积上,可提高作物识别和监测的精确度与工作效率,节约成本,有着其他遥感数据无法相比的优势,应用MODIS数据提取水稻种植面积,取得了较好的效果。水稻遥感的最佳时相可以选择移栽期和孕穗期,利用对水体和植被较为敏感的波段或植被指数（如NDVI、LSWI和EVI）进行水稻识别,并提取种植面积。传统的遥感图像分类方法如监督分类和非监督分类,算法成熟、操作简单,是目前应用较多的方法。近年来发展起来的分类新方法,如决策树分类法、专家系统分类法、神经网络分类法,支持向量机法等,能够更准确地提取目标地物,对图像分类有不同程度的改进,在实际应用中通常和传统分类方法结合起来使用;多时相分析法与高时间、高分辨率多光谱影像的结合可以获取较高精度的作物种植面积数据,与传统分类方法相比有较大提高。利用MODIS对单一的或大面积的水稻种植面积提取效果较好,但对于地块破碎的种植面积估算尚难达到满意的结果,添加其他的辅佐数据如高程、坡度等,并结合MODIS数据的多时相特点分类等方法,可提高遥感影像分类的精度。  相似文献   

Predicting size effect on diffusion-limited current density of oxygen reduction by copper wire     

芦永红  徐海波  王佳  钟莲 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(1)

The size effect of copper wire radius (0.04–0.82 mm) on the diffusion-limited current density of an oxygen reduction reaction in stagnant simulated seawater (naturally aerated 0.5 mol/L NaCl) is investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and compared with the results obtained in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. In the oxygen diffusion-limited range, size effect is found to occur independent of electrolytes, which is attributed to non-linear diffusion. Additionally, to sati...  相似文献